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A Documented Scientific History of What Works

...and what doesn't work.

Nothing is free in this world...

Anyone who tells you that is lying.

The most fundamental Law of Physics:

The law of conservation of energy is an empirical law of physics. It states that the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time (is said to be conserved over time). A consequence of this law is that energy can neither be created nor destroyed: it can only be transformed from one state to another. The only thing that can happen to energy in a closed system is that it can change form: for instance chemical energy can become kinetic energy.

Albert Einstein's theory of relativity shows that energy and mass are the same thing, and that neither one appears without the other. Thus in closed systems, both mass and energy are conserved separately, just as was understood in pre-relativistic physics. The new feature of relativistic physics is that "matter" particles (such as those constituting atoms) could be converted to non-matter forms of energy, such as light; or kinetic and potential energy (example: heat). However, this conversion does not affect the total mass of systems, because the latter forms of non-matter energy still retain their mass through any such conversion. (unless you have a nuclear process which converts mass to energy such as Fusion or Fission)

Today, conservation of “energy” refers to the conservation of the total system energy over time. This energy includes the energy associated with the rest mass of particles and all other forms of energy in the system. In addition, the invariant mass of systems of particles (the mass of the system as seen in its center of mass inertial frame, such as the frame in which it would need to be weighed) is also conserved over time for any single observer, and (unlike the total energy) is the same value for all observers. Therefore, in an isolated system, although matter (particles with rest mass) and "pure energy" (heat and light) can be converted to one another, both the total amount of energy and the total amount of mass of such systems remain constant over time, as seen by any single observer. If energy in any form is allowed to escape such systems (see binding energy), the mass of the system will decrease in correspondence with the loss.

A consequence of the law of energy conservation is that perpetual motion machines can only work perpetually if they deliver no energy to their surroundings.

The Four Laws of Thermodynamics:

  • Zeroth law of thermodynamics: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

    This statement implies that thermal equilibrium is an equivalence relation on the set of thermodynamic systems under consideration. Systems are said to be in equilibrium if the small, random exchanges between them (eg. Brownian motion) do not lead to a net change in energy. This law is tacitly assumed in every measurement of temperature. Thus, if one seeks to decide if two bodies are at the same temperature, it is not necessary to bring them into contact and measure any changes of their observable properties in time.[19] The law provides a fundamental definition of temperature and justification for the construction of practical thermometers.

    It is interesting to note that the zeroth law was not initially recognized as a law. The need to for the zeroth law was not initially realized, so the first, second, and third laws were explicitly stated and found common acceptance in the physics community first. Once the importance of the zeroth law was realized, it was impracticable to renumber the other laws, hence the zeroth.


  • First law of thermodynamics: The internal energy of an isolated system is constant.

    The first law of thermodynamics is an expression of the principle of conservation of energy. It states that energy can be transformed (changed from one form to another), but cannot be created or destroyed.[20]

    The first law is usually formulated by saying that the change in the internal energy of a closed thermodynamic system is equal to the difference between the of heat supplied to the system and the amount of work done by the system on its surroundings. It is important to note that internal energy is a state of the system (see Thermodynamic state) whereas heat and work modify the state of the system. In other words, a specific internal energy of a system may be achieved by any combination of heat and work; the manner by which a system achieves a specific internal energy is path independent.

  • Second law of thermodynamics: Heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder location to a hotter location.

    The second law of thermodynamics is an expression of the universal principle of decay observable in nature. The second law is an observation of the fact that over time, differences in temperature, pressure, and chemical potential tend to even out in a physical system that is isolated from the outside world. Entropy is a measure of how much this evening-out process has progressed. The entropy of an isolated system which is not in equilibrium will tend to increase over time, approaching a maximum value at equilibrium.

    In classical thermodynamics, the second law is a basic postulate applicable to any system involving heat energy transfer; in statistical thermodynamics, the second law is a consequence of the assumed randomness of molecular chaos. There are many versions of the second law, but they all have the same effect, which is to explain the phenomenon of irreversibility in nature.

  • Third law of thermodynamics: As a system approaches absolute zero, all processes cease and the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value.

    The third law of thermodynamics is a statistical law of nature regarding entropy and the impossibility of reaching absolute zero of temperature. This law provides an absolute reference point for the determination of entropy. The entropy determined relative to this point is the absolute entropy. Alternate definitions are, "the entropy of all systems and of all states of a system is smallest at absolute zero," or equivalently "it is impossible to reach the absolute zero of temperature by any finite number of processes".

    Absolute zero, at which all activity would stop if it were possible to happen, is -273.15 °C (degrees Celsius), or -459.67 °F (degrees Fahrenheit) or 0 K (kelvin).




    So Basically you are saying all the people out there who are claiming "Over Unity", "Free Energy", coefficients of performance greater than 1, and other claims of free energy devices and machines are in direct violation of established physical laws of science, and that they can not work, do not work, and never will work?

    Yes, that is what hundreds of years of experiments and science has shown us. I trust reality and hundreds of years of hard data, not scam artists and hoaxers on the internet.
    If these machines were real, and if they were that simple to build, people would have figured this out a LONG time ago! Think about it! Let's be realistic!
    I believe these are distractions. They are too good to be true, meant to waste people's time looking for "free" Energy, not ever realizing that there is an ocean of "free" energy all around us, we just have to understand and build more effective machines to harness what's already there.

    More people should look into Renewable Energy technology, instead of trying to get something for free... it's not going to happen. Nikola Tesla was learning ways to collect power straight from the atmosphere! Use lightning from the air to power our machines and broadcast that power wirelessly.

    The Secret is in the conversion of energy from one form to another!


    Physics is the science that studies the interactions between things that move. What has hundreds of years of conventional wisdom taught us?

    Please Check out The Museum of Unworkable Devices


    Magnetic Motors

    Whether it's Bedini, Perendev, Newman, or another crack-pot inventor, I'm going to tell you right now NONE OF THESE MAGNETIC MOTORS ACTUALLY WORK! You are only wasting your time and money on materials and supplies if you want to test them out for yourself. At most you can only get the same amount of energy back out that you put in to any magnetic field. This result has been obtained from experimentally derived laws of electromagnetism. Particularly the law which states that the Divergenge of all magnetic fields are zero, that is, Magnetic fields do NOT diverge or split apart. Both the source and the sink are always contained within the magnet itself so there are no ways to ride these magnetic fields to infinity and run things on them indefinitely. Also see Stokes' Theorem, and Lenz's Law

    Magnets are really weird and funky things, and if you'd like to understand more about how they work I suggest checking out my page on electricity and magnetism, and reading the works of James Clerk Maxwell, Oleg Jefimenko, and David J. Griffiths who are the current academic authorirties on the science of electromagnetism.


    REAL Free Energy

    Identifying Energy Sources

    As we look to make the move towards a Type 1 global energy harnessing and distribution system, we need to focus on harnessing large scale, ever present, global sources of energy.

    Let's take a look at The 3 Primary Energy Options:

    #1 is Solar. (which also includes Wind Energy since Wind happens because of uneven heating from Solar radiation and there would be no wind without the heat from the sun.) Solar lasts as long as the sun lasts, which is a few more million years. Long before our lifetimes.

    #2 is Tidal Energy and GeoThermal which some would argue is NOT actually totaly sustainable (since Tidal would gradually slow the motion of the earth slowly over time) If you were to build tidal damns or other collection devices across every single coast line and generate a enormous amount of power over a long period of time... and Geothermal only lasts as long as the Earth's core continues to cool. Both of which would be A VERY long period of time, (Over 20,000-100,000 years or so). Nothing for me or you to really worry about, with all the other serious problems going on right now.

    #3 on the list is coal, gas, and nuclear which is the bulk of our current energy supply. It is finite, very dirty, and definitely NOT sustainable.

    So the goal has been to replace as much of #3 with #1 , as possible, whilst also looking for #4.

    #4 Other more exotics methods of harnessing energy, which should all be looked at and explored, and then disregarded completely if they don't work or results cannot be replicated reliably and consistently. (per scientific experiments)

    Searching for new Methods & Technologies

    The most efficient ways to convert energy

    Solar - Photovoltaics & Reflector Arrays and Other Optical Collection technologies should be the focus of more scientists. Unfortunately there are not many business opportunities in these fields, as most of the jobs are in medical, pharma, or military technologies. That's where all the big money is these days.

    Wind - The Business of Wind Farming has been rapidly developing and new methods and technologies are always being looked at and considered. There is a lot of room in this field for innovation and development.

    Tidal - One method is to learn from the Dutch and build massive dikes along every piece of coast-line, then set up generators near the floodgates. This would work well for large harbors like Boston Harbor. Another method is to use soft rubber, foam, or other floatable bouys attached to chains and springs which would retract the bouys down then generate energy as the water levels rose and fell with tides as well as wave motion. You could either build a ton of really small bouys like this, or you could also build one massive one and tune it's fundamental mechanical resonance to the wave/tidal motions.

    Chemical Battery Technology - The next major breakthrough in battery storage / electrical production technology will be so important for the future of transport and mobile power systems. A very complex and competitive field, but also vitally important for whoever will have the knowledge and intuitive genius to create the next big battery breakthrough. Elon Musk considered pursuing a graduate career to spend his life on this exact problem. But decided there were too many other problems he though he could find much easier solutions to... Don't let that discourage you if you think you have what it takes.


    Valid Exotic Hypotheses for Free Energy

    CalTech Physics page on Zero Point Energy:

    http://www.calphysics.org/zpe.html

    The Casimir Effect

    What is the Casimir Effect? by Don Koks, & Philip Gibbs:

    http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Quantum/casimir.html

    http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=what-is-the-casimir-effec

    Also check out my Energy Options page, as well as my Energy Prices Calculator

    More to come...

    (This page is Under development... currently researching a couple new ideas to add to the list)
    Please email me if you have any others you'd like me to look at.